Piston for internal combustion engines



Aug. 27, 1935. F. G. GODSELL 2,012,374

' PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Oct. 25, 19:54

INVENTOR. FREDERICK Gzoesr: Goossu.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 27, 1935 This "invention relates to pistons for, internal combustion engines vandithe like andhas for -its oba ject to provide a piston of trunk form as custom- V -:ment it the universa lmmpunted: istqa, t e sls arily usedlin a zcertaingtype of internal combustion engine which piston incorporates means for controlling the ingress and egress of gas to the engine cylinder thereby eliminating the use of separate valve control means of conventional form for this purpose.

Broadly, the invention consist in the provision of a piston which is rotatably mounted on its piston rod, the side-to-side swing or'oscillation of the piston rod being utilized to effect rotation of the piston relative tothe rod so that ports, or the equivalent, formed in or on the said piston function, owing to the combined rotary and re- .ciprocatory movements of the piston, to control the ingress and egress of gas to and from the cylinder. 7

To permit of relative rotary movement between the piston and its rod a ball-and-socket or universal joint assembly of particular construction is used. Incidentally this joint assembly, which permits relative rotary movement between the piston and rod, is applicable for use generally in internal combustion engines apart from the specific use hereinafter described, as thejoint elimi nates the side thrust on the piston caused by the throw of the crank shaft, thereby greatly reducing the oval wear of the cylinder and piston.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawing, wherein:

- Figure 1 is a vertical cross section view through an engine showing the piston in use;

Figure 2 is an inverted sectional plan view of the piston on line ll-ll of Figure l; and

Figure 3 is an inverted plan View of the piston.

In the embodiment illustrated, the'piston I is provided, in lieu of the customary gudgeon pin bosses, with a pair of oppositely disposed inward- 1y projecting bosses or webs 2 each having therein a fiat-sided slot or recess 3. recesses 3 the two opposite outer extremities 4 of a socket member 5 are adapted to be received, said extremities 4 being secured within the bossrecesses 3 by transverse pins or bolts 6 which are inserted through openings 7 in the skirt of the piston I adjacent said bosses 2. The socket member 5 is constituted by two plates having cupped centers which together form a spherical housing 9 within which is accommodated the ball-shaped upper end ll! of the connecting rod l I. These two plates are placed together to enclose the rod ball-end l0 within the spherical housing 9 and the socket member 5, formed by the assembled l i le G or eGnesutNbrth Battlefordf sf- Saskatchewan, Canada H I Q, zrlpplication October 25, 51931, SerialN0r749393Q :In Great Britain September 15,1

p Claims. (015123- Within these plates, :then secured by its extremitie ;the boss lr ecesses :3 oi the pistonbody; I,

For th purp s Y of imp t n arota.

of the piston l is provided at itslower end, with four cam members 12a, 12?) arranged in upper and lower pairs, the cam of each pair being oppositely disposed and the upper pair disposed at right angles to the lower pair. Each cam member consists of an inwardly projecting web having a sloping inner face. The piston rod II is provided with two projections l3a, I319, oppositely disposed and having inclined faces, which are adapted during the oscillations of the rod Ii to contact with the cam members on the piston. The contours of the piston cam members lid, [21), and rod projections 13a and I3?) are such that the rod projections alternately contact with the cam faces, so that a partial rotational movement (equal to one eighth of a complete revolution) is imparted to the piston I by the rod H. Thecam faces are operated on in succession, that is, as the rod ll oscillates outwards from the centre of the piston i, one red projection lila co-operates with one of the two upper cam faces 12a to move the piston through one-eighth of a revolution, then as the rod swings towards the other side the other rod projection 23b co-operates with the one of the lower cam faces i2b to move the piston through the same distance; next the first rod projection so that the piston is left in such a position, after each cam-efiected movement thereof by: one of the projections of the rod, to enable the second projectionto readily take up the further move- 7 ment of the piston, that is, each cam face commences in alignment with the finish of the cam face which precedes it in order of working,

The skirt of the piston l is extended above the crown thereof in the form of sleeve [4 and is procylinder wall l8. The crown of the piston I may 7 be cupped inwardly instead of outwardly, as

shown, and the skirt extension may be provided with a wide compression ring. The cylinder head I9 is of re-entrant form with a substantially conical shaped combustion space 20.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, apiston reciprocal and rotatable therein, the

cylinder having ports controlled by said movements of said piston, a connectingrod with which the'piston is connected for rotary movement,

about its'own axis, said rod being rockable relative to said piston, and cam means solelybe: tween the piston and the connecting rod operable by rocking movements of theconnecting rod to impart rotation to'the piston substantially con tinuously in a single direction during continuous reciprocation of the piston.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a'cylinder, a piston reciprocal and rotatable therein, the cylinder having ports controlled by said movements of said piston, a connecting rod with which the piston is connected for rotary movement about its own axis, said ro'dibeing rockable relative to said piston, and a-cooperating pair of cam means between the piston and the connecting rod and spaced apart longitudinally'of the piston operable said piston, a pair of projections on the connect- :ing rod longitudinally spaced relative to said rod, and two pairs of cams on the piston longitudinally, spaced relative thereto for cooperation with said I projections, said projections being disposed at opposite sides of said rod, the cams of each pair being diametrically'oppositely disposed, and the cams of the respective pairs having a right angular displacement, whereby the piston is rotated substantially continuously in a single direction by rocking of theconnecting rodduring continuousreciprocation of the piston.

FREDERICK GEORGE Gonsm. A

lll 

